Chapter 4: Newton's First Law of Motion--- Inertia
Law of Inertia/Newton's First Law- "Every object continues in a state of rest, or of motion in a straight line at constant speed, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces exerted upon it."
The net force, which is the vector sum of all forces acting on an object, affects the object's state of motion. When an object is at rest, its weight is balance by an equal and oppossite support force. An object is in equilibrium when it is at rest with zero net force action on it.
Scientists:
Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC)- Divided motion into two types, natural motion and violent motion.
Copernicus(February 19, 1473–May 24, 1543)-Assumed that Earth and all the other planets rotate around the sun, which was very controversial, being that many people believed that Earth was the center of the solar system.
Galileo (February 15, 1564-January 8, 1642)- Mostly conserned with how things moved. Put an end to the popular theory that a force is nessisary to move an object. He argued that only when friction is preasent (which most often is) is a force nessisary to move an object.
Newton(January 4, 1643–March 31, 1727)- Mostly conserned with why things move. Believed that an object tends to continue what it was doing. Invented the three laws of motion.
Definitions:
Equilibrium- State of balance.
Ex: When book is at rest with the net force on it being zero, the object is in a state of equilibrium.
Force- Any push or pull.
Ex: Force causes a stationary object to move or a moving object to stop, and is therefore any change in motion.
Friction- Name given to the force that acts between objects that touch as they move past each other, which is caused by irregularities in the surface of the moving objects.
Ex: On an air hockey table blasts of air keep the surface of the table frictionless, allowing the puck to continue moving smoothy. But is the air was taken away, the friction of the table surface would slow the puck down to a stop, therefore needing another force to act on it to move again.
Inertia- Resistance of an object to change its state of motion.
Ex: Using the air hockey table example again, being that the air makes the surface frictionless, the puck would continue in its path, if there was not the edges of the table to stop the puck and change its state of motion.
Mass- Quantity of matter in an object, measured by inertia. Measured in kilograms (kg.).
Ex: A pillow has a larger volume than a rock, but the pillow has a smaller mass than the rock.
Weight- Force of gravity on an object.
Ex: Weight=mass*acceleration due to gravity or weight=mg.
Newton (N.)- the SI unit of force; the abbreviation is a capital letter because it is named after a person.
Ex: A 1 kg. bag of nails weights 9.8 N. in SI unit.
Net Force- the sum of all the forces that act on an object.
Ex: When you pull horizontally with a force of 10 N. on an object resting on a frictionless surface, the net force is 10 N.. If there is a force of 5 N. in the opposite direction, then the net force is the diffrence of then the 10 N. force, therefore equaling 5 N.
Support Force/Normal Force- force that completely balances the weight of an object at rest.
Ex: the upward force that balances the weight of an object, also called support force.
Chapter 4: Newton's First Law of Motion--- Inertia
Law of Inertia/Newton's First Law- "Every object continues in a state of rest, or of motion in a straight line at constant speed, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces exerted upon it."
The net force, which is the vector sum of all forces acting on an object, affects the object's state of motion. When an object is at rest, its weight is balance by an equal and oppossite support force. An object is in equilibrium when it is at rest with zero net force action on it.
Scientists:
Definitions:
Equilibrium- State of balance.
Ex: When book is at rest with the net force on it being zero, the object is in a state of equilibrium.Force- Any push or pull.
Ex: Force causes a stationary object to move or a moving object to stop, and is therefore any change in motion.Friction- Name given to the force that acts between objects that touch as they move past each other, which is caused by irregularities in the surface of the moving objects.
Ex: On an air hockey table blasts of air keep the surface of the table frictionless, allowing the puck to continue moving smoothy. But is the air was taken away, the friction of the table surface would slow the puck down to a stop, therefore needing another force to act on it to move again.Inertia- Resistance of an object to change its state of motion.
Ex: Using the air hockey table example again, being that the air makes the surface frictionless, the puck would continue in its path, if there was not the edges of the table to stop the puck and change its state of motion.Mass- Quantity of matter in an object, measured by inertia. Measured in kilograms (kg.).
Ex: A pillow has a larger volume than a rock, but the pillow has a smaller mass than the rock.Weight- Force of gravity on an object.
Ex: Weight=mass*acceleration due to gravity or weight=mg.Newton (N.)- the SI unit of force; the abbreviation is a capital letter because it is named after a person.
Ex: A 1 kg. bag of nails weights 9.8 N. in SI unit.Net Force- the sum of all the forces that act on an object.
Ex: When you pull horizontally with a force of 10 N. on an object resting on a frictionless surface, the net force is 10 N.. If there is a force of 5 N. in the opposite direction, then the net force is the diffrence of then the 10 N. force, therefore equaling 5 N.Support Force/Normal Force- force that completely balances the weight of an object at rest.
Ex: the upward force that balances the weight of an object, also called support force.Work Cited:
"Aristotle." Wikipedia. 2008. 8 December 2009. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Aristoteles_Louvre.jpg>."Galileo Galilei." Wikipedia. 2009. 8 December 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei>. Hewitt, Paul G.. Conceptual Physics. Third Edition. Menio Park: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 1999.
"Isaac Newton." Wikipedia. 2009. 8 December 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Newton>.
"Nicolaus Copernicus." Wikipedia. 2009. 8 December 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus>.